Deodorising combination of agents based on α-ω alkanedicarboxylic acids and fatty acid partial glycerides

ABSTRACT

Cosmetic deodorants comprising mixtures of 
     I) α,ω-alkanedicarboxylic acids and 
     II) fatty acid partial glycerides of unbranched fatty acids.

The present invention relates to cosmetic active compound combinations,in particular active compound combinations as the active principle incosmetic deodorants.

Cosmetic deodorants serve to eliminate body odour which forms when freshperspiration, which is odourless per se, is decomposed bymicroorganisms. The usual cosmetic deodorants are based on variousactive principles.

In so-called antiperspirants, the formation of perspiration can besuppressed by astringents--chiefly aluminium salts, such as aluminiumhydroxychloride (aluminium chlorohydrate). Apart from denaturing skinproteins, however, the substances used for this intervene drastically inthe thermal balance of the axillary region, depending on their dosage,and should at best be used in exceptional cases.

The bacterial flora on the skin may be reduced by the use ofantimicrobial substances in cosmetic deodorants. In the ideal case, onlythe microorganisms which cause the odour should be reduced effectivelyin this case. In practice, however, it has been found that the entiremicroflora of the skin may be impaired.

The flow of perspiration itself is not influenced by this means, and inthe ideal case only microbial decomposition of the perspiration istemporarily stopped.

Combination of astringents with antimicrobially active substances in oneand the same composition is also customary. However, the disadvantagesof the two classes of active compound cannot be eliminated completely bythis route.

Finally, body odour can also be masked by fragrances, a method whichleast meets the aesthetic requirements of the consumer, since themixture of body odour and perfume fragrance tends to smell ratherunpleasant.

Nevertheless, most cosmetic deodorants, like most cosmetics overall, areperfumed, even if they comprise deodorizing active compounds. Perfumingcan also serve to increase consumer acceptance of a cosmetic product orto give a product a certain flair.

However, perfuming of cosmetic formulations, in particular cosmeticdeodorants, comprising active compounds is not infrequently problematic,because active compounds and perfume constituents occasionally reactwith one another and can render one another inactive.

Deodorants should meet the following conditions:

1) They should have the effect of reliable deodorizing.

2) The natural biological processes of the skin should not be impairedby the deodorants.

3) The deodorants must be harmless in the event of an overdose or otheruse not as specified.

4) After repeated use, they should not become concentrated on the skin.

5) They should be easy to incorporate in customary cosmeticformulations.

Both liquid deodorants, for example aerosol sprays, roll-ons and thelike, and solid formulations, for example deodorant sticks, powders,powder sprays, intimate cleansing agents and the like, are known andcustomary.

The object of the present invention was thus to develop cosmeticdeodorants which do not have the disadvantages of the prior art. Inparticular, the deodorants should largely protect the microflora of theskin, but selectively reduce the number of microorganisms which areresponsible for body odour.

It was also an object of the invention to develop cosmetic deodorantswhich are distinguished by a good skin tolerance. Under no circumstancesshould the deodorizing active principles become concentrated on theskin.

A further object was to develop cosmetic deodorants which harmonize withthe largest possible number of customary cosmetic auxiliaries andadditives, in particular with the perfume constituents which areimportant precisely in formulations which have a deodorizing orantiperspirant action.

Yet another object of the invention was to provide cosmetic deodorantswhich are active over a relatively long period of time, and inparticular of the order of at least half a day, without their actiondecreasing noticeably.

Finally, one object of the present invention was to develop deodorizingcosmetic principles which can be incorporated as universally as possiblein the most diverse presentation forms of cosmetic deodorants withoutbeing bound to one or a few specific presentation forms.

Surprisingly, it has been found, and therein lies the achievement of allthese objects, that cosmetic deodorants comprising mixtures of

I) α,ω-alkanedicarboxylic acids and

II) fatty acid partial glycerides of unbranched fatty acids

remedy the disadvantages of the prior art.

Although European Patent Application Specification EP-0 036 134describes deodorizing compositions characterized by a content ofderivatives of medium- to long-chain alkanoic acids, which also includethe α,ω-alkanedicarboxylic acids of the general formula ##STR1## wheren=4 to 10, a reference to the doctrine presented here is not to be foundin this specification.

German Offenlegungsschrift DE-OS 27 03 642 furthermore describesdeodorizing compositions for body hygiene which include, inter alia,certain α,ω-alkanedicarboxylic acids, but a reference to the doctrinepresented here is also not to be found in this specification.

According to the invention, the α,ω-alkanedicarboxylic acids arepreferably chosen from the group of substances which are described bythe generic formula ##STR2## wherein n can assume numbers from 1 to 8.n=1: Malonic acid

n=2: Succinic acid

n=3: Glutaric acid

n=4: Adipic acid

n=5: Pimelic acid

n=6: Suberic acid

n=7: Azelaic acid

n=8: Sebacic acid

Partial glycerides in the context of the present invention are:

(1) Monocarboxylic acid esters of diglycerol.

(2) Monocarboxylic acid esters of triglycerol.

According to the invention, the di- and tri-glycerol units of thepartial glycerides according to the invention are present as linear,unbranched molecules, that is to say "monoglycerol molecules" etherifiedby the particular OH groups in the 1- or 3-position. ##STR3##

A low content of cyclic di- or triglycerol units and glycerol moleculesetherified by the OH groups in the 2-position can be tolerated. However,it is advantageous to keep such impurities as low as possible.

The partial glycerides according to the invention based on diglycerolare preferably monocarboxylic acid monoesters, and are preferablycharacterized by the following structure: ##STR4## wherein R' is anunbranched alkyl radical having 5 to 17 C atoms.

The partial glycerides according to the invention based on triglycerolare preferably monocarboxylic acid monoesters, and are preferablycharacterized by the following structure: ##STR5## wherein R" is anunbranched alkyl radical having 5 to 17 C atoms.

The fatty acids or monocarboxylic acids on which these esters are basedare

    ______________________________________                                        hexanoic acid                                                                              (caproic acid)                                                                             (R' or R" = --C.sub.5 H.sub.11),                    heptanoic acid                                                                             (oenanthic acid)                                                                           (R' or R" = --C.sub.6 H.sub.13),                    octanoic acid                                                                              (caprylic acid)                                                                            (R' or R" = --C.sub.7 H.sub.15),                    nonanoic acid                                                                              (pelargonic acid)                                                                          (R' or R" = --C.sub.8 H.sub.17),                    decanoic acid                                                                              (capric acid)                                                                              (R' or R" = --C.sub.9 H.sub.19),                    undecanoic acid           (R' or R" = --C.sub.10 H.sub.21),                   10-undecanoic acid                                                                         (undecylenic acid)                                                                         (R' or R" = --C.sub.10 H.sub.19),                   dodecanoic acid                                                                            (lauric acid)                                                                              (R' or R" = --C.sub.11 H.sub.23),                   tridecanoic acid          (R' or R" = --C.sub.12 H.sub.25),                   tetradecanoic acid                                                                         (myristic acid)                                                                            (R' or R" = --C.sub.13 H.sub.27),                   pentadecanoic acid        (R' or R" = --C.sub.14 H.sub.29),                   hexadecanoic acid                                                                          (palmitic acid)                                                                            (R' or R" = --C.sub.15 H.sub.31),                   heptadecanoic acid                                                                         (margaric acid)                                                                            (R' or R" = --C.sub.16 H.sub.33),                   octadecanoic acid                                                                          (stearic acid)                                                                             (R' or R" = --C.sub.17 H.sub.35),                   ______________________________________                                    

R' and R" are particularly advantageously chosen from the groupconsisting of unbranched alkyl radicals having uneven C numbers, inparticular having 9, 11 and 13 C atoms.

The esters of diglycerol are in general preferable according to theinvention to those of triglycerol.

Especially favourable esters are

    ______________________________________                                        diglycerol monocaprate                                                                           (DMC)     R' = 9                                           triglycerol monolaurate                                                                          (TML)     R" = 11                                          diglycerol monolaurate                                                                           (DML)     R' = 11                                          triglycerol monomyristate                                                                        (TMM)     R" = 13                                          ______________________________________                                    

Diglycerol monocaprate (DMC) has proved to be the preferred partialglyceride according to the invention.

Partial glycerides based on those monocarboxylic acid esters which areobtainable by a process such as is described in DE-OS 38 18 293 areparticularly advantageous.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the present invention,mixtures of one or more monocarboxylic acid esters of diglycerol withone or more monocarboxylic acid esters of triglycerol are used aspartial glycerides of unbranched fatty acids.

According to another advantageous embodiment of the present invention,one or more monocarboxylic acid esters of diglycerol and/or one or moremonocarboxylic acid esters of triglycerol in combination with otheractive compounds (substitute active compounds), auxiliaries, extendersand/or additives customary in cosmetics are employed as partialglycerides of unbranched fatty acids.

The extenders and/or substitute active compounds are then advantageouslypresent in a concentration of up to 50 parts by weight, preferably up to35 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of the total amount composedof the monocarboxylic acid ester or the monocarboxylic acid esters ofdiglycerol and/or of triglycerol and these substitute active compoundsand/or extenders.

It is advantageous to choose the content of

I) α,ω-alkanedicarboxylic acids and

II) fatty acid partial glycerides of unbranched fatty acids

such that ratios of I) and II) of 5:1 to 1:5, in particular about 1:1,especially advantageously about 1:3, result.

The invention furthermore relates to a process for combatting human bodyodour caused by microbial decomposition of apocrine perspiration,characterized in that an active amount of mixtures of

I) α,ω-alkanedicarboxylic acids and

II) fatty acid partial glycerides of unbranched fatty acids

which can optionally be present in a suitable cosmetic carrier, isapplied to the skin.

Finally, the invention also relates to the use of mixtures of

I) α,ω-alkanedicarboxylic acids and

II) fatty acid partial glycerides of unbranched fatty acids

which can optionally be present in a suitable cosmetic carrier, forcombatting Gram-positive bacteria, in particular coryneform bacteria,and the use of mixtures of

I) α,ω-alkanedicarboxylic acids and

II) fatty acid partial glycerides of unbranched fatty acids

which can optionally be present in a suitable cosmetic carrier, forpreventing the growth of Gram-positive bacteria, in particularcoryneform bacteria.

The cosmetic deodorants according to the invention are particularlyadvantageously characterized in that the α,ω-alkanedicarboxylic acidsare present in concentrations of 0.05-10.00% by weight, preferably0.1-5.0% by weight, in each case based on the total weight of theformulations.

The cosmetic deodorants according to the invention are likewiseparticularly advantageously characterized in that the fatty acid partialglycerides of unbranched fatty acids are present in concentrations of0.05-10.00% by weight, preferably 0.1-5.0% by weight, in each case basedon the total weight of the formulations.

The cosmetic deodorants according to the invention can be in the form ofaerosols, that is to say preparations which can be sprayed from aerosolcontainers, squeeze bottles or by a pumping device, or in the form ofliquid compositions which can be applied by means of roll-on devices, asdeodorant sticks and in the form of W/O or O/W emulsions, for examplecreams or lotions, which can be applied from normal bottles andcontainers. The cosmetic deodorants furthermore can advantageously be inthe form of deodorizing tinctures, deodorizing intimate cleansingcompositions, deodorizing shampoos, deodorizing shower or bathformulations, deodorizing powders or deodorizing powder sprays.

In addition to water, ethanol and isopropanol, glycerol and propyleneglycol, customary cosmetic carriers which can be employed forpreparation of the deodorizing formulations according to the inventionin the ratios of amounts customary for such preparations are skin carefatty or fat-like substances, such as decyl oleate, cetyl alcohol,cetyl-stearyl alcohol and 2-octyldodecanol, as well as mucigenoussubstances and thickeners, for example hydroxyethyl- orhydroxypropylcellulose, and polyvinylpyrrolidone, and in addition also,in small amounts, cyclic silicone oils (polydimethylsiloxanes), as wellas liquid polymethylphenylsiloxanes of low viscosity.

Propellants which are suitable for cosmetic deodorants according to theinvention which can be sprayed from aerosol containers are the customaryknown readily volatile, liquefied propellants, for example hydrocarbons(propane, butane, isobutane), which can be employed by themselves or asa mixture with one another. Compressed air can also advantageously beused.

The expert knows of course that there are propellant gases which arenon-toxic per se and would be suitable in principle for the presentinvention, but which nevertheless should be dispensed with because of anunacceptable action on the environment or other concomitantcircumstances, in particular fluorochlorohydrocarbons (CFCs).

Emulsifiers which have proved suitable for the preparation of thecosmetic deodorants according to the invention which are advantageouslyto be applied to the desired areas of the skin as liquid formulations bymeans of a roll-on device, and which can be used in the formulations ina small amount, for example 2 to 5% by weight, based on the totalcomposition, are nonionic types, such as polyoxyethylene fatty alcoholethers, for example cetostearylalcohol polyethyleneglycol ether having12 to 20 added-on ethylene oxide units per molecule, cetostearylalcoholand sorbitan esters and sorbitan esterethylene oxide compounds (forexample sorbitan monostearate and polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate)and long-chain higher molecular weight waxy polyglycol ethers.

In addition to the constituents mentioned, perfume, dyestuffs,antioxidants (for example α-tocopherol and its derivatives or butylhydroxytoluene (BHT=2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol) in amounts of 0.01to 0.03%, based on the total composition), suspending agents, buffermixtures or other customary cosmetic bases can be added to thedeodorizing cosmetic formulations according to the invention.

It is advantageous to choose the pH of the formulations according to theinvention in the acid to neutral range. The pH of the formulationsaccording to the invention is particularly advantageously chosen in therange from 4.5 to 6.5, in particular about 5.5.

The amounts of cosmetic carriers and perfume to be employed in each casecan easily be determined by the expert according to the nature of theparticular product by simple trial and error.

Those substances and perfume oils which are stable, do not irritate theskin and already have antibacterial or bacteriostatic properties as suchare also suitable, where appropriate, for perfuming.

Apart from specific formulations which are in each case noted separatelyin the examples, the cosmetic formulations are prepared in the customarymanner, usually by simple mixing while stirring, if appropriate withgentle heating. The preparation presents no difficulties. For emulsions,the oily phase and the aqueous phase are, for example, preparedseparately, if appropriate with heating, and then emulsified.

The customary rules for compilation of cosmetic formulations, with whichthe expert is familiar, are otherwise to be observed.

If the compositions according to the invention are to be incorporatedinto powder sprays, the suspension bases for this can advantageously bechosen from the group consisting of silicic acid gels (for example thosewhich are obtainable under the trade name Aerosil®), kieselguhr, talc,modified starch, titanium dioxide, silk powder, nylon powder,polyethylene powder and related substances.

Advantageous embodiment examples of the present invention follow. Thenumerical values stated always relate to % by weight, unless expresslynoted otherwise.

EXAMPLES 1-4

    ______________________________________                                        Pump sprays    1      2        3     4                                        ______________________________________                                        a)                                                                            Ethanol        69.00  65.00    65.00 65.00                                    Propylene glycol                                                                             2.00   2.00     2.00  2.00                                     Ceteareth-25   3.00   --       --    2.00                                     ("Cremophor.sup.R A25")                                                       PEG-40-hydrogenated                                                                          --     2.50     2.25  --                                       castor oil                                                                    Adipic acid    0.25   --       --    0.50                                     Succinic acid  --     0.30     0.40  --                                       DMC            0.50   0.50     --    --                                       DML            --     --       0.70  0.60                                     Perfume        q.s.   q.s.     q.s.  q.s.                                     b)                                                                            H.sub.2 O, demineralised                                                                     in each case to 100.00                                         NaOH, 10% strength                                                            to pH 5.5                                                                     ______________________________________                                    

Preparation:

The components under a) are heated, while stirring, until the mixture ispresent in clear molten form.

Mixture b) is prepared, after the required amount of NaOH solution toobtain a pH of about 5.5 in the finished product has been determinedbeforehand.

EXAMPLES

    ______________________________________                                        Roll-on gels   5      6         7    8                                        ______________________________________                                        a)                                                                            1,3-Butanediol 2.00   2.00      2.00 2.00                                     Dipropylene glycol                                                                           1.50   2.00      1.50 2.00                                     Hydroxyethylcellulose                                                                        0.40   0.40      0.40 0.40                                     b)                                                                            Ethanol        50.00  55.00     50.00                                                                              55.00                                    PEG-40-hydrogenated                                                                          2.00   2.00      1.50 1.50                                     castor oil                                                                    Adipic acid    0.40   --        0.50 --                                       Azelaic acid   --     0.30      --   0.40                                     DMC            0.50   0.50      --   --                                       TML            --     --        0.90.                                                                              0.80                                     Perfume        q.s.   q.s.      q.s. q.s.                                     c)                                                                            H.sub.2 O, demineralized                                                                     in each case to 100.00                                         NaOH, 10% strength                                                            to pH 5.5                                                                     ______________________________________                                    

Preparation:

The constituents mentioned under a) are dispersed. Mixture c) isprepared, after the required amount of NaOH solution to obtain a pH ofabout 5.5 in the finished product has been determined beforehand, and isadded to a). The mixture is allowed to swell at room temperature, andafter about 15 minutes, a solution of the constituents mentioned under(b) is added. The resulting mixture is homogenized and can betransferred to bottles.

EXAMPLES

    ______________________________________                                        Roll-on emulsions   9      10                                                 ______________________________________                                        a)                                                                            POE-21-stearyl ether                                                                              1.50   1.50                                               ("Brij 721")                                                                  POE-2-stearyl ether 2.50   2.50                                               ("Brij 72")                                                                   POP-15-stearyl ether                                                                              3.50   3.00                                               ("Arlamol E")                                                                 Octyldodecanol      6.00   6.00                                               Methyl-paraben      --     0.20                                               Adipic acid         0.50   0.40                                               DMC                                                                           b)                                                                            Ethanol             12.00  --                                                 Perfume             q.s.   q.s.                                               c)                                                                            H.sub.2 O, demineralized                                                                       in each case to 100.00                                       NaOH, 10% strength                                                            to pH 5.5                                                                     ______________________________________                                    

The mixture c) is prepared, after the required amount of NaOH solutionto obtain a pH of about 5.5 in the finished product has been determinedbeforehand.

The constituents mentioned under a) and c) are in each case heated to75° C., while stirring. Constituents a) are then added to c).

The mixture is cooled to 35° C. A solution is prepared from constituentsb) and is heated to 35° C. and added to the mixture of a) and c), whilestirring.

EXAMPLES

    ______________________________________                                        Wax sticks          11     12                                                 ______________________________________                                        Trilaurin           37.50  37.50                                              Glyceryl stearate, self-                                                                          10.00  10.00                                              emulsifying                                                                   Beeswax/substitute  24.00  24.00                                              Azelaic acid        0.60   --                                                 Adipic acid         --     0.70                                               DMC                 1.10   1.10                                               Perfume             q.s.   q.s.                                               Caprylic/capric  in each case to 100.00                                       triglyceride                                                                  ______________________________________                                    

The constituents are melted at about 75° C., mixed thoroughly and pouredinto suitable moulds.

We claim:
 1. A deodorant composition comprising a deodorizing effectiveamount of a combination of:a) an α,ω-alkanedicarboxylic acid; and b) afatty acid partial glyceride of an unbranched fatty acid.
 2. Thedeodorant composition according to claim 1, wherein theαω-alkanedicarboxylic acid is selected from the group consisting ofmalonic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, pimelic add,suberic acid, azelaic acid and sebacic acid.
 3. The deodorantcomposition according to claim 1, wherein the fatty acid partialglyceride is selected from the group consisting of:a) fatty acid partialglycerides, which are monocarboxylic acid monoesters of diglycerol andhave the formula: ##STR6## in which R' represents an unbranched alkylradical having 5 to 17 carbon atoms; and b) fatty acid partialglycerides, which are monocarboxylic acid monoesters of triglycerol andhave the formula: ##STR7## in which R" represents an unbranched alkylradical having 5 to 17 carbon atoms.
 4. The deodorant compositionaccording to claim 1, which comprises a deodorizing effective amount ofa combination of:a) an α,ω-alkanedicarboxylic acid; and b) a fatty acidpartial glyceride of an unbranched fatty acid, said fatty acid partialglyceride being selected from the group consisting of diglycerolmonocaprate (DMC), triglycerol monolaurate (TML), diglycerol monolaurate(DML) and triglycerol monomyristate (TMM).
 5. The deodorant compositionaccording to claim 1, which comprises 0.05 to 10.00% by weight of saidα,ω-alkanedicarboxylic acid based on the total weight of thecomposition.
 6. The deodorant composition according to claim 5, whichcomprises 0.1 to 5.0% by weight of said α,ω-alkanedicarboxylic acidbased on the total weight of the composition.
 7. The deodorantcomposition according to claim 1, which comprises 0.05 to 10.00% byweight of said fatty acid partial glyceride based on the total weight ofthe composition.
 8. The deodorant composition according to claim 7,which comprises 0.1 to 5.0% by weight of said fatty acid partialglyceride based on the total weight of the composition.
 9. The deodorantcomposition according to claim 1, which is buffered to a pH in the rangeof 4.5 to 6.5.
 10. A method of combating body odor comprising applyingto skin a deodorizing effective amount of the deodorant compositionaccording to claim 1.